Robot (robot)
Robot is one of the areas where
artificial intelligence has entered. The robot is a mechanical device designed
to perform human work in general. The invention of modern robots has led to the
emergence of innumerable devices and machines that replace the work of
individuals. It is worth mentioning that most robots are built on software to
work independently of direct human control, and the term is also used for
vehicles and other machines that are remotely controlled by the human operator.
Software development
Artificial intelligence led to the development
of software, for example chess programs on computers. In 1948, British
mathematician Alan Turing developed the chess algorithm, using mathematical
software. Ten years later, American mathematician Claude Shannon developed an
algorithm for playing Chess by two people on a computer, this software
calculates all possible moves for each player, and the consequences to the
maximum extent possible for moves.
Other areas of artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence has entered
into infinite applications and domains.
Development of computer applications
in medical diagnosis in clinics and hospitals.
Developing the search mechanism on
the computer via the Internet.
Development of stock trading systems.
To develop cognitive simulations
using computers to test theories about how the human mind works and its
functions, such as recognizing familiar faces and activating memory. The
invention of vehicles and aircraft that can operate alone without a commander.
The development of video games has
become more detailed and more realistic than old games. Develop language
learning applications by answering some questions with pre-programmed answers.
Application of Artificial Intelligence
Applications of artificial
intelligence used in a wide range of fields such as:
Expert systems
Medical diagnosis
Internet search engines
Natural Language Processing
Video games
Stock Trading
Law
Image recognition and analysis
Children's toys
Scientific discoveries
Automatic control
Highlight sounds.
History of Artificial Intelligence
Scientists began in the mid-20th
century to explore a new approach to building intelligent machines. Based on
the modern discovery of neuroscience and the development of auto lithography
through the invention of digital computers, machines were invented that could
simulate the process of human mathematical thinking. He created the modern
field of artificial intelligence research in 1956 when a conference was held at
the Dartmouth College campus, one of the leading artificial intelligence
research leaders was Marvin Minskay, Herbert Simon, John McCarthy, and Ellen
Noel. Artificial intelligence research in the early 1980s saw new interest in
the commercial success of expert systems, which are artificial intelligence
programs that mimic the skills and analytical knowledge of one or more human
experts.
Artificial intelligence achieved terribly nice successes within
the Nineties and also the starting of the twenty first century. Computing was utilized
in knowledge extraction, logistics, technology business, and diagnosis.
The Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence
Robot Asimo: Artificial intelligence
is an inspiration and a challenge to philosophy because it has the ability to
recreate the human mind. The Turing Law (machines of calculation and
intelligence): We judge the intelligence of the machine depending on its
performance; if the device works intelligently human equivalent if its
intelligence is similar to human intelligence.
Dartmouth's thesis: Each aspect of
the learning process is considered a manifestation of the intelligence that a
human can design from an emulated machine.
Gödel's Incompetence Theory: No
logical system can prove all the correct sentences. Roger Penrose et al. argued
that this theory did not set limits on what man could do but set limits on what
machines could do.
The Noel and Simon Theory of Physical
Symbols: The essence of intelligence lies in the ability to process symbols.
Artificial brain hypothesis: Ray
Krzwell and Hans Morwijk and others have said that the brain can be copied
directly into software and equipment technically.
Cyril's hypothesis of strong artificial
intelligence: known as the Chinese room, is centered on the possibility that
the computer has a mind similar to the human mind if properly programmed with
the right input and output.
